GIORNATA INTERNAZIONALE DELLA PACE
L’ennesima ricorrenza per scuotere gli animi più ostili, eterni responsabili (politici e non) di guerre fratricide che nemmeno la saggezza e l’esortazione di Albert Schweitzer li farebbero desistere da ogni ostilità
di Ernesto Bodini
Anche se la pace non è stata al cuore dell’azione di Schweitzer (nella foto) durante la sua vita, essa non ha mai cessato di lasciare il segno sulle sue preoccupazioni. Inoltre, accanto alla sua opera di medico, ha dedicato tempo, negli anni ’50 e ’60, a impegnarsi con intensità contro le armi nucleari. Fino alla fine della sua esistenza, sia nei discorsi pubblici e sia nella corrispondenza privata ha rifiutato che si accettasse come scontata l’assenza di pace, sulla scena politica. Si è battuto per la pace nel pieno significato del termine, rifiutando che fosse solo una tregua fra due conflitti. E oggi, in un’epoca in cui la pace non c’è, i popoli si sentono minacciati dagli altri popoli (come quelli di epoche precedenti), e questo li autorizza a possedere ed eventualmente usare, in propria difesa, le terribili armi a loro disposizione peraltro sempre più letali e con maggior raggio d’azione... Era quindi necessario riparare ai mali dell’ultimo conflitto, e soprattutto ricreare quella necessaria condizione di fiducia fra tutti i popoli del mondo… esattamente come lo sarebbe ancora oggi. Se si facesse questo passo (non è mai troppo tardi) per eliminare le ingiustizie della guerra che ci coinvolgono tuttora (direttamente e indirettamente), infonderemmo un po’ di fiducia in tante persone. «Per qualsiasi impresa – precisava Schweitzer –, la fiducia è il capitale senza il quale non è possibile portare avanti un lavoro efficace…». E chissà se i due “contendenti”, rispettivamente russo e ucraino, hanno mai sentito parlare del dott. Schweitzer, della sua filosofia e della sua opera umanitaria; e che nella primavera del 1962, quando scoppiò la “crisi dei Caraibi”, Schweitzer, già insignito del premio Nobel per la pace nel 1952 per la Pace, inviò una lettera al presidente americano Kennedy, invitandolo a una saggia ed equilibrata decisione, a evitare in quel caso la corsa agli armamenti, scongiurando così il pericolo di inimmaginabile conflitto atomico. Fu ascoltato, e tale esortazione contribuì a riporre gli armamenti da ambo le parti.
INTERNATIONAL
DAY OF PEACE
Yet
another occasion to shake the most hostile souls, eternally responsible
(political and otherwise) for fratricidal wars that not even the wisdom and exhortation
of Albert Schweitzer would make them desist from any hostility
by Ernesto
Bodini (journalist and biographer)
Decades may still pass and we will continue to talk about peace between peoples, to invoke it, following the various historical eras, albeit with some interruptions, but the war events in quite a few countries are repeated and will be repeated, as if we wanted to counteract that “Divine Design” who knows for what reasons… Yes, the reasons! Apparently it is not known and history is a perpetual calendar of it. And speaking of calendar, Thursday 21 September was the International Day of Peace, an anniversary established on 11/30/1981 by the UN General Assembly with Resolution 36/67, with the aim of celebrating a day of peace and non-violence. The invitation was extended to all nations and people, and called for a cessation of hostilities on that day. The Resolution urged all Member States, UN organizations, regional and non-governmental organizations and ordinary people to commemorate the day appropriately, both through education and public awareness, and in cooperation with the United Nations for global peace. ... After the birth in 1999 of “Peace one Day” (Non-profit organisation, founded by the English actor and director Jeremy Gilley), on 7 September 2001 the United Nations General Assembly approved Resolution 55/282 according to which, starting from 2002, the International Day of Peace would be celebrated every 21 September. In this regard I thought of taking up the very rich biographical source and autobiography of Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) edited by the historiographer Luigi Grisoni (1937-2001), having lived at the center of the two world conflicts, the Alsatian doctor-philanthropist wrote: «The The history of our era is characterized by an absurdity that has no equal in the past. Historians of the future will one day analyze this history in detail and with it they will test their erudition and the absence of any prejudice. But for the years to come, as for today, an explanation will exist, namely that we tried to live with a civilization that has no ethical principle behind it." This statement is one of many with reference to the risk of a world conflict that dominated his era, to counter which there were several calls such as "The renunciation of nuclear tests", "The danger of a nuclear war" and "The negotiations at the top." But the wise and far-sighted Albert Schweitzer (of whom I am honored to be one of the biographers), who did so much to respect life and therefore all living beings, was one of the few, in my opinion, to delve deeper into the concept of Individual “ethics” and, in this regard, he specified: «In modern society, individual ethics is reduced to a secondary role. Society does not need to appeal to the feelings of the individual to be served by him; he can impose on him the social behavior he deems best. Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was not only a great thinker, but also a great prophet. He expressed fear that the State would force the individual into submission. He was right. Indeed, today we have seen the State destroy the individual to make him its slave." Nothing could be more prophetic if we want in reference to the two world conflicts, as well as the current one between Russia and Ukraine which does not seem to want to end... also due to the "co-interest" of other world powers. In all these circumstances it is true that the word "peace" has been and is pronounced a little to the right and a little to the left, but it is equally true that this pronunciation has "soiled" the mouths (and consciences) of those irresponsible who believed and believe themselves to be masters of the world, as if they had been born from a strange matter of which no trace could be found in the entire Universe. A metaphor which, as a good Christian as I consider myself, does not want to offend those who generated human existence, but to draw attention to the problem of peace as the Alsatian philosopher understood it. Although peace was not at the heart of Schweitzer's (pictured) action during his life, it never ceased to leave its mark on his concerns. Furthermore, alongside his work as a doctor, he dedicated time, in the 1950s and 1960s, to working intensely against nuclear weapons. Until the end of his existence, both in public speeches and in private correspondence he refused to let the absence of peace be accepted as a given on the political scene. He fought for peace in the full meaning of the term, refusing that it was just a truce between two conflicts. And today, in an era in which there is no peace, people feel threatened
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